It's easy to think of lead paint as one of those historical issues,something modern people don't need to think about. The truth is, lead-containing paint was used all over Australia until the 1970s, and in some areas it continued to be used even later than that.
Is your home more than 40 years old? Has all the paint from before the 1970s been removed? If you live in an older home, then the chances are good that even small home repairs may expose you and your family to chips of paint containing lead. Repainting or papering walls can stir up dust and chips that lead to significant exposure.
Acute exposure to lead can cause damage to the brain and to the kidneys, sometimes fatal damage. Chronic exposure, even at low levels, can affect blood pressure, kidney function, and the body's ability to use Vitamin D. In children, even low levels of exposure can effect growth and development, and can affect hearing. Lead exposure may also increase cancer risk.
Even small amounts of lead, such as the amount encountered by someone breathing in dust stirred up when preparing a wall or a child touching paint chips and then putting her fingers into her mouth, can cause low level lead poisoning. This can result in anemia, headaches, and impaired mental functioning.
So we're settled that lead isn't something to play around with.
If you're planning to remove old paint, you should have it tested for lead. If you do in fact have lead paint in your home, you should have it removed by professionals.
Courtney & Wise, and other certified lead management experts, have undergone intensive training, and can do this safely. Clearance testing and blood testing are wise follow-ups, especially if you have young children.
So are you safe if you leave your old paint alone and paint over it? Not necessarily. You're likely to find dust and chips from paint in areas where the paint is disturbed, such as on window sills, where old paint may be rubbed by window sashes. You may find it in metal roofing, too, or the paints used on metal roofing and galvanized fences. If your house has a DIY history, you may even find it in the soil, where lead-based paints have been improperly disposed of and have leached into the ground.
And of course, the old paint is only contained if it's not disturbed. If you have young children, check the areas where they sleep and play carefully to be sure there aren't any signs of chipping paint, or of paint being scratched or otherwise disturbed. Remember that animals will sometimes scratch a skirting board or a door, and check for evidence of this kind of disturbance.
If you have an old house and decide to go ahead and paint it on your own, you should at the very least be sure not to work on a windy day, to close all vents throughout the house to keep any paint dust or chips from circulating through the air, to wear protective clothing, and and wash up completely (including washing your hair) as soon as possible after doing the work. Have children, pets, and pregnant women leave the house while the work is being done, and be sure not to track paint chips or dust from the work area into other parts of the home.
If you hire a painting contractor to take care of the painting of an older building-- and we recommend that you do so -- then make sure that they are Lead Paint Management Certified. The safety issues are significant, and there is no reason to take chances.